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Premenstrual Syndrome (PMS)


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What Increases Your Risk

Although the cause of premenstrual syndrome (PMS) is poorly understood, a number of risk factors have been noted among women with PMS.

Risk factors for PMS that you cannot control include:

  • A family history of premenstrual syndrome (PMS).
  • Age. PMS becomes increasingly common as women age through their 30s, and symptoms sometimes get worse over time.
  • Previous anxiety, depression, or other mental health problems. This is a significant risk factor for developing premenstrual dysphoric disorder (PMDD).

Risk factors that you can control include:

  • Lack of exercise.
  • High stress.
  • Vitamin B6, calcium, or magnesium deficiency.
  • High caffeine intake.
  • Poor diet.


Last Updated: May 17, 2011
Medical Review:
Kathleen Romito, MD - Family Medicine

Kirtly Jones, MD, MD - Obstetrics and Gynecology


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